What Is RED/NIR Light Therapy?

Everything that you need to know (and probably more than you wanted to know)!

Let's get started! Get cozy and let’s nerd out together!
This will give you a better understanding to make informed decisions about your health and what device is best for you.

What is Red/NIR Light Therapy?

Known by a few different names:

  • Photobiomodulation (PBM)

  • Low Level Light Therapy (LLLT)

  • Phototherapy

  • Red Light/Near Infrared Therapy

  • Cold Laser Therapy

  • Biostimulation

  • Photonic Stimulation

  • LED Light Therapy

  • Low-power laser therapy (LPLT)


We call it Red Light Therapy, or Red/Near Infrared Light Therapy.
It is the application of Red LED light and Near Infrared Light, at clinically proven wavelengths, to aid in rejuvenating and healing the body on a cellular level. Red Light Therapy is a fast-growing technology used to treat a multitude of conditions that require stimulation of healing, relief of pain and inflammation, and restoration of function. Red Light Therapy is a FDA approved treatment for a wide range of conditions,
The light itself is emitted from a device or light panel that you would lay under or have placed very close over the treatment area. The lights range in different sizes to treat large to small areas. The
ORB FACIAL LIGHT is a smaller red light device designed to fit comfortably over the face and neck, and can be used over other body parts for therapy and the ORB LIGHTS are targeted and full size body panels.

ORB Red Light Body Panel

1500w

ORB Facial Light + Multi Purpose Wrap

Red Light Therapy has been around for over 40 years but was not really recognized in North America until the late 90’s when NASA began to share research of the positive effects red light had on astronauts in space. By 2000 the topic became more researched with clinical data to support the vast benefits of Red Light Therapy. This technology has been used by physicians, NASA, Navy Seals program, professional athletes, dermatologists, skin care professionals. Institutions such as John Hopkins, Stanford, and the Mayo Clinic have studied and used LED’s for various healing benefits. Now in 2023, it is an approved treatment by the FDA, there are over 50,000 published scientific and clinical studies and more ways to have access to this technology in the comfort of your home.

How Does It Work?

Our bodies, much like plants, need exposure to a spectrum of light for healthy and optimal cell function.
It has been clinically proven that specific wavelengths of light from the Red Spectrum of 660 nanometers (nm) and the Near Infrared Spectrum of 850nm have a tremendous effect on our cells. These specific wavelengths have the ability to penetrate into the body at different depths for specific cell response. Mainly we are referring to RED/NIR 660nm:850nm that is delivered in the
ORB Light Panels and ORB Facial Lights. In addition to RED/NIR 660:850, the ORB Facial Light also has an optional Blue 470nm for acne skin types.
​The colors of spectral light are visible up to 700nm and beyond that are invisible infrared waves; subdivided into near-middle-far.

orb-spectrum.png

*Red LED wavelength of 660nm, which is typically promoted for skin care treatments and wound healing reaches depths between 2-4mm where it has an effect on the fibroblast cells, which play a role in production of collagen and elastin, a protein that makes up a large part of connective tissue and helps the skin to recover when it's harmed. Red light could help to reverse some of the signs related to photoaging in the skin.

*Near Infrared wavelength of 850nm reaches even deeper, 5mm or more, to get to the deepest layers of the skin, adipose, muscle, bone and connective tissue to have an effect on reducing pain and inflammation, and aids in deeper cell regeneration.

*Blue LED wavelength of 470 is most often used to treat acne. It is a shorter wavelength only penetrating 1-1.5 mm into the skin and can reduce activity in the sebaceous glands, so they produce less of the oil that can plug the hair follicles, leading to acne. Blue light may also kill acne-causing bacteria known as Cutibacterium acnes.

orb-light-penetration.jpeg

When the body is exposed to these healing wavelengths of RED/NIR light, the chromophores (specifically cytochrome C oxidase) in our cell's mitochondria will absorb the light and convert it into fuel for the cell in the form of ATP-Adenosine Triphosphate. The mitochondria is the "powerhouse" of the cell and responsible for ATP production and cellular respiration. Nitric Oxide(NO) produced in the mitochondria can inhibit respiration by binding to cytochrome c oxidase and competitively displacing oxygen, especially in stressed or hypoxic cells. The light absorption displaces the nitric oxide and thus allows the cytochrome C oxidase to recover and cellular respiration to resume. This leads to an increase in electron transport, mitochondrial membrane potential, and ATP production.

Now that the nitric oxide is released, it also has it's array of benefits in the body. The RED/NIR photo energy stimulates nitric oxide from the hemoglobin and possibly surrounding tissue. Nitric oxide is a signaling molecule that is known to relax smooth muscle cells found in the arteries, veins, capillaries, and lymph vessels. When these muscles relax, they dilate blood vessels, thus allowing increased circulation. In addition to being a great vasodilator, nitric oxide has also been shown to be essential for wound healing, even if chronic or traumatic, particularly because it is difficult for bacteria to develop resistance against it. Nitric oxide attacks a range of targets in bacteria, including DNA, cell wall lipids, proteins, and enzymes. This is why RED/NIR therapy is so beneficial to healing.


red-light-graph.jpeg

After the initial photon absorption events, numerous signaling pathways and transcription factors are activated that can lead to increased expression of genes related to protein synthesis, cell migration and proliferation, anti-inflammatory signaling, anti-apoptotic proteins, and antioxidant enzymes. Stem cells and progenitor cells appear to be particularly susceptible to LLLT.RED/NIR Light can boost mitochondrial function and increase the number of mitochondria in the cell.
​ It also creates a temporary, low-dose metabolic stress that ultimately builds up the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and cell defense systems of the cell (known as hormesis, which is also a primary mechanism of why exercise works). In essence, what this all boils down to is that near-infrared and red light therapy help mitochondria produce more energy, decrease inflammation, and help build the cell defense systems to increase resiliency.

The more efficiently your cells create ATP energy through cellular respiration, the better your cells perform > better healthier cells leads to healthier organs > healthier and improved functioning organ systems leads to a healthier body > the better you feel, look and perform!

What are the benefits?

h575c950cb04e41c796acd5339b7e8e61o.jpeg
  • Promotes wound healing and tissue repair

  • Improves hair growth in people with androgenic alopecia

  • Help for the short-term treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome

  • Stimulates healing of slow-healing wounds, like diabetic foot ulcers

  • Reduces psoriasis lesions

  • Rebuild your collagen levels and amplify skin regeneration: which means reduced fine lines, wrinkles and age spots

  • Relieves aches and pain from arthritis, improves joint health and strengthens bones

  • Helps retain muscle mass and speed injury recovery

  • Reduces inflammation and pain

  • Repairs Sun Damage and diminishes scarring​

  • Increases cell energy production

  • Anti-aging effects on skin

  • Increases antioxidant defenses

  • Increases brain health and performance

  • Boosts fat loss

  • Supports muscle strength/growth

  • Improves hormonal health

  • Boosts immune function and builds resiliency ​

  • Treats skin conditions such as eczema and psoriasis

  • Stimulates healing for slow healing wounds

  • Regulates your sleep and wake cycles, aides in insomnia

  • Reduces symptoms from chemotherapy

  • Reduces symptoms from depression, anxiety, S.A.D. and PTSD

  • More energy, clearer more focused mind, less brain fog​​

  • Aids with short-term relief of pain and morning stiffness in people with rheumatoid arthritis

  • Reduces some of the side effects of cancer treatments, including oral mucositisTrusted Source

  • Improves skin complexion and builds collagen to diminish wrinkles

  • Helps to repair sun damage

  • Prevents recurring cold sores from herpes simplex virus infections

  • Improves the health of joints in people with degenerative osteoarthritis of the knee

  • Helps diminish scars

  • Relieves pain and inflammation in people with pain in the Achilles tendons


The Quality of the Light is Essential!

With so many Red Light devices hitting the market now it makes it even more difficult to decide what you want and need. Not all lights are created equal and there are more false claims and misrepresented goods out there to sift through. For the light itself to be effective it needs the correct wavelength( as mentioned above) of both Red and Near Infrared, and enough irradiance or power density to push the light photons into the skin. The gold standard of irradiance for a quality light device is at least 100mw/cm2 at at a a fixed distance to which the light is to be used by a person. A light intensity weaker than that will require longer treatment times, especially if the beam angle of the LED is wider than 30 degrees. it may not be able to even reach the penetration depth to be effective at all.

ORB Red Lights are some of the most powerful lights on the market!


4 main things to check for when comparing lights:
1) The power density at a determined distance
2) The wavelengths
3) The beam angle of the LEDs
4) Value = Joules per dollar invested in the light (see next section on Dose)

We mentioned power density and wavelength, so let’s touch base on beam angles.

LEDs come with different angles of how the light is emitted and will 30 degree beam angles are considered stronger as they are more like lasers and keep intensity at greater distances away. Wider beam angles are commonly used but the more the light spreads the more it will diminish by the time it reaches the target area, if at all. Regardless of the beam that is used, you need this information to determine how to best use your light.
ORB Light Panels have a 30 degree beam angle and have a recommended distance of 8-10 inches away, while the ORB Facial Light has 120 degree beam angle because its designed to be on the skin or up to an inch away.
Here is a great blog post by GembaRed that explains the significance of the
beam angles very well.


What is The Dose?

The dose of light is measured in Joules/cm2, which is the amount of energy delivered to an area for a specific amount of time.
DOSE (joules/cm2) = Power Density(mw/cm2) X Time(seconds)
example: 100mw/cm2 for 1 minute = 6 joules.

Dose is simply telling you how long that power density was applied for. Higher light intensity means less application time is required.
To put this in perspective— the ORB LIGHT 1500 is 140 mw/cm2 at 8 inches away and covers a surface area of 33 x 16 inches(1341 square centimeters).
Let’s say you use it for 10 minutes.
140 x .06= 8.4 joules/cm2 per minute x 10 minutes = 84 Joules/cm2 is the dose of Joules received in 10 min. Now to figure the value of the light, multiply the 84 x 1341 = 112,644 joules to the treatment area per 10 minutes for a total amount of joules the light produces in that treatment time. The light costs $1200, that is 94 joules per dollar invested in the light.

That does not really answer the question of, How much light do I need? What is the dose of the light for xxx condition? Out of the 50,000 articles out there, not one can tell you the exact dose that is optimal for any given condition. Too little won’t produce an affect and too much won’t yield better results either.

For general use and maintenance, between 10J/cm² and 100J/cm² may be appropriate.

 *We do know that the deeper you want to penetrate an area, the longer time is needed. The more superficial an area you are treating, the shorter the treatment time should be. For example: You may use the Orb Facial Light for 10-12 minutes on Red/NIR for anti-aging, use the Blue/NIR for 6-10 minutes for cystic acne or psoriasis, and a full 20 minutes of Red/NIR on the knee for arthritis.

The best value in comparison to any other light on the market!

ORB Red Light Body Panel with Stand

ORB Facial Light + Multi-Purpose Wrap

Helpful Resources

  • What is Red/NIR?

    This is an excellent resource guide that is informative and comprehensive in explaining Red Light/Near Infrared Light Therapy.

  • Effects on Cancer

    Learn more about NASA studies and Red Light/Near Infrared Therapy's effects on cancer.

  • Studies on Skin Improvement

    A Controlled Trial to Determine the Efficacy of Red and Near-Infrared Light Treatment in Patient Satisfaction, Reduction of Fine Lines, Wrinkles, Skin Roughness, and Intradermal Collagen Density Increase.

  • On Injury Recovery

    830 nm light-emitting diode (led) phototherapy significantly reduced return-to-play in injured university athletes: a pilot study.

  • For Brain Disorders

    Shining light on the head: Photobiomodulation for brain disorders.

  • For Veterns and Brain Function

    Following up on promising results from pilot work, researchers at the VA Boston Healthcare System are testing the effects of light therapy on brain function in veterans with Gulf War Illness.

  • For Seasonal Depression

    Red Light Therapy for Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), the Winter Blues.